Winb am



F. W. PENDERGAST. WIND AND WATER MOTOR. APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 13. IQ I.

Patented June 10-, 1919.

m: lvnRnIs Psrzns cc.. pnomumm. wnsnmarau, n4 4;

FREDERICK w. rENDEneAsr, or CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS.

WIND AND WATER Moron.

Application filedSeptember 18, 1918. Serial No. 254,654.

To all whomit may concern: I

Be it known that, I, FREDERICK W. .PEN- DERGAST, a citizen of Middlesex and State of Massachusetts, have invented new and useful Improvements in Wind and WVater Motors, of Which the following is a specification. I I f This inventiomas illustrated by the drawings hereinafter referredto, is embodied in a wind mill or motor, although it may be embodied in a motor adapted to be driven by water in motion. a

The invention relates to a motor; ofthe characterstated, comprising a rotary wheel frame, having radial arms, and vanes or blades pivoted to the arms and adapted to be maintained substantially in alinement with each other at one side of the axis of the wheel to present a substantially continuous front to an impelling current, and to automatically swing edgewise to the impelling current at the opposite side of the axis. 7 I I a I The chief object of the invention is to provide automatic governing means for permitting the vanes to yield to excessive pressure, and thus compensate for variations in the pressure of the wind or other impellin element. The invention is embodied in the improvements which I will now proceed to describe and claim. I, I a I Of the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification: I I

Figure 1 is a side BlBVMDlOIl of a wind motor embodying the invention.

and a plan view of parts below said line.

Fig. 3 is a section on line 3-3 of Fig.1. Fig. 4'is an enlargement of a portion-of Fig. 2. 1 a

Fig. 5-is an enlargementof a portion of I Fig.1. I l

Fig. 6 is'aview similar to a portlon of Fig. 2, showing the minimumdisplacement of the vanes by wind pressure.

Figs. 7 ,8 and 9 are fragmentary perspective views illustrating features shown by the preceding figures.

Fig. 10 is a'fragmentary perspective View illustrating a'difierent form of governor. I

-Fig. 11 is a fragmentary sectional view illustrating a portion of the structure shown by Fig. 10. I

Specification of Letters Patent.

the United States, re- 1 siding at Cambridge, in the county of;

springs 20, connected I f the lower spider, Fig. 2 is a section on line 2-2- of'Fig. 1,

5 arrow X is exerted on at one slde of the Patented June 10, 1919.

The same reference characters indicate the same parts in all of the figures.

In thedrawings 12 represents a base or tower, to which is secured a vertical spindle 13. Mou nted to rotate on the vertical axis formed by the spindle is a wheel frame which includes spaced-apart spiders having hubs 15 journaled on the spindle, arms 14;

. radiating from the. hubs, and outer standards 16 perpendicular to the arms and rigldly connecting their outer ends. The

frame also preferably includes inner standthe hubs 15, the spiders by the outer and inner.

ards .17 connecting being spaced apart standards. The arms I l are a-rranged in pairs, each 'pair'inclu'ding an arm on the upper spider. I I I Extending between the arms 14 and pivoted thereto at 18 to swing on vertical axes are blades or vanes 19 arranged, as here shown, in four series, each vane being pivoted at onejedge; There is a series of vanes extending between each pair of arms 14. r I I Associated wlthfeach series of vanes 18 a governor, connected with the frame and bearing yieldingly on the vanes, said gov-- ernor being adapted normally to hold the vanes in alinement with each other and to yield and permit the vanes to be opened or moved out of alinement by fluid pressure exerted upon them. cludes a plurality ofresilient metal rods or with the arms 14 of and projecting upwardly I therefrom, the upper ends of the rods 20 being connected by a cross-bar 21 bearing on I the vanes 19. The lower ends of. the rods 20 are rigidly confined on the arms of the lower spider, their upper ends, and the cross-bar 21 being adapted to yield to pressure ex erted on the vanes. I

By reference to Fig. 2 is will be seen that, when wind pressure 'inthe direction of the the wheel, the vanes I axis of the wheelare pressed againstthe corresponding governor, the vanes beingnormally maintained substantially, in alinement with each other by the governor, and adapted to be opened or moved outof alinement with each other by the yielding of the governor. The rotation of the wheel being in the direction indicated spider and an arm on the lower Each governor inby the arrow Y (Fig. 2), the vanes at the opposite side of the-axis, these vanes being behind the corresponding governor, arepermitted to stand edgewise to the wind, ;as-

i 83,- attached 'to one of the hu shown by dottedlines in Fig.2.

I prefer to provide means the governors to permlt a maximum opening of the vanes, and thusaenable therotatlon of the wheel to be arrested without undue resistance. To this end 'I'attach the re- 7 andiat 29 to one of the bearings 24, the arrangement being such that when the spring 27 is free to act, it

holds the stud 25 against an outer portion of the abutment '26, so that the abutment and stud confine the rod 20 and prevent it fromjswinging loosely, the

only movement of the rod being that due to its flexure by the pressure of thevanes against the governor. When the slide 23 is moved to theposition shown by Fig. 8, the spring 27 yields, and thestud 25 moves to an inner portion of the abutment 26, so that therod 20 is permitted to swing bodily from the positionshownby Fig. 7 to that shown by Fig; 8, thus" permittin a maximum displacement or opening oi the vanes;

The slide 23 is provided at its inner end with a lug 30, which engages the inner side ofa band brake 31, one end of which is connected at 32 (Fig. 2) with the base 12. Said brake partially surrounds a end of the brake being connected with a pivoted lever 34 adapted to exert tension on the brake and set the same upon the pulley 33.

It will now be seen that, when the brake is set to stop 'the wheel, the slide 23 is moved endwise todisplacethe governor. The pulley33 is provided with orifices 35 into which the lugs 30 project.

Figs. 10 and 11 mg rods 20' connectedby a cross-bar 21", the

" slide 23, the construction being otherwise substantially as above described.

Power may be transmitted from the wheel through a gear 37 attached to the pulley 33 g and a similar gear or pinion 38 mounted on "a'shaft39g When the invention is'embodied in a water motor, the governors may be carried by the arms of the upper spider, said arms, the

for displacing vanes, said extending between the spiders,

rooved pulley $15, the free illustrate agovernor 4 adapted to permit a wider opening of the vanes than the form" of governor shown in the preceding figures, said governor includ-' lower'ends of the rods'being fixed to the brake-pulley '83,- and the band brakeBl being-located abovev the vanes .and above the surfaceof a stream of water in which the main portions of the vanesareimmersed.

' I claim:

;1. A motorsof the character stated, comprising a rotary wheel frame rotatable on a, vertical axls, and including rigidly connect.-

ed spaced-apart spiders having radial arms arranged in pairsf vanes pivoted to said arms to sw1n on vertical axes,

and extending between t e spiders,flthere ibeing aserles I of vanes extending between the armsof each pair, and frame and'bearing yieldingly "on the vanes, there bein -agovernorfor each series of governors 1 being" adapted normally governors connected with the to hold thevanes insubstantial alinement with each other and to yield to permit 1 the vanes to be opened or moved out of alinement by-fiuid pressure." V

2'. A motor of the character stated, com

prisinga rotary wheel frameincludingrrig,

idly connected spaced-apart spiders having. V

9O resilient rods radial arms, vanes pivoted to said arms and connectedfwith the arms of *oneof the v spiders and pro]ect1ng-therefrom bGSIClGthB Z vanes,ysa1d rodshavlng cross-barsfat the r"- outer ends held yieldin'gly against the vanesj bythe rods, said rods and cross-barsconstituting spring-yielding governors adapted normally to hold the :vanes in substantial alinementwith each'other and to permit the vanes to be moved out of alinement by wind pressure.

A m'otor of the character stated, co n prlsing extending between 1 the} spiders, 1 governors connected with" the frame and; bearing yieldvanes, said governors being ingly on the adapted normally to hold the vanes in substantial alinement with-each other andto yield to 'p'erm'itithevanes to be opened or moved out of alinement by fluid pressure, and means for displacing'sa'id governors to permit'a maximum openin'gjot the vanes.

-4=."A m'otor'o-f the characterstated, coma rotary wheel frame'includingrlgidly connected 7 spaced-apart *spidershaving radial arms, vanespivoted to said arms and prising a rotary wheel frameincluding'rig idly connected spaced-apart spiders having:

radial-arms, vanes-"pivoted to said arms and extendlng between the Spiders, slides movableon the-arms of oneof the spiders,

said arms being provided with oblique abut= ments, governors'jincluding resilient rods attached to said slldesandzprojecting beside the vanes, said rOdshaving' cross bars at I.

their outer ends held yieldingly against the vanes by the rods, the slidesbeingprovided withstuds projecting oppositely from the rods and in sliding contact with said abutments', and sprmgs acting 'on'the slides to V hold said studs against the abutments,- the arrangement being such that, when the slides are held in their normal positions by the springs, the abutments and studs hold the governors in their operative positions, and

when the slides are moved from their nor-,

mal positions the abutments and studs permit the displacement of the governors and a maximum opening of the vanes.

5. A motor of the character stated, comprising a base, a band brake secured at one end to the base, means on the base for exerting tension on the band brake, a Wheel frame mounted to rotate on the spindle and having a pulley engageable by the brake, said frame including rigidly connected spaced-apart spiders having radial arms, vanes pivoted to said arms, slides movable on the arms of one of the spiders and having Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the his FREDERICK W. X PENDERGAST.

mark Witnesses:

CHARLES F. BROWN, GRACE T. PENDERGAST.

Commissioner of Patents.

Washington, D. G.

whereof I have aflixed my 

